It says the State Council energy department, in conjunction with the state power regulatory agency and the State Council finance departments, should "determine the proportion of renewable energy power generation to the overall generating capacity for a certain period."
Power enterprises refusing to buy power produced by renewable energy generators will be fined up to an amount double that of the economic loss of the renewable energy company, it says. Renewable energy includes non-fossil fuels such as wind energy and solar power, hydropower, biomass, geothermal and ocean energy.
Still, two-thirds of China’s energy supply is fueled by coal, and the country has become one of the largest greenhouse gas emitters. The law, which took effect in January 2006, was aimed at "optimizing the country’s energy structure and safeguarding energy security." It covered subsidies, pricing management and supervision measures.
"The legislation on improving the consumption of clean energy contributes to the global fight on climate change," said Wang Zhongying, director of the renewable energy development center of the Energy Research Institute under the National Development and Reform Commission.
A national plan on renewable energy development issued in 2007 set a target to increase renewable resources to supply 15 percent of its total energy consumption by 2020, in a bid to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable economic growth.
Statistics show renewable resources supplied 9 percent of China’s total energy consumption last year, an equivalent of reducing 600 million tonnes of carbon dioxide.
Last month, the State Council announced that China was going to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with the level of 2005. Wang said, to achieve the emission reduction target, it was vital to realize the renewable energy consumption goal. "The law amendment strengthens the confidence of achieving the target," he said.
Signaling an official effort to shore up clean energy development and fight climate change, the law requires the government to set up a special fund to renewable energy scientific research, finance rural clean energy projects, build independent power systems in remote areas and islands, and build information networks to exploit renewable energy.
The fund will be managed by finance, energy and pricing sectors of the State Council. Official statistics show that in 2008, China used more hydro and solar power than any other country and its use of wind power ranked fourth.
However, industry experts estimated that one third of the country’s wind energy generated electricity could not be well transmitted to the grid.
Therefore, the amendment requires grid companies to "improve transmitting technologies and enhance grid capability to absorb more power produced by renewable energy generators."
"Renewable energy power in the country’s resource-rich, underdeveloped northwestern region must be sent to the resource-scarce, prosperous coastal area," Wang said, giving examples that Gansu and Inner Mongolia could not consume all the wind-generated electricity produced by themselves.
However, Wang said the relative independence between grids in the country made the simultaneous transmission difficult. Xiao Liye, director of the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, suggested the use of "smart grids" as a solution.
The safe, efficient and reliable "smart grids" included an intelligent monitoring system that could integrate alternative sources of electricity, such as solar and wind, on a large scale, the grid expert said. He said "smart grids" and renewable energy should be developed together like "twin brothers."
